Syrian jets, joined by Russian warplanes, have intensified air attacks on Idlib and Aleppo to repel opposition fighters in the northwest of the country.
On November 27, groups opposing the government of President Bashar al-Assad, led by Hayat Tahrir al-Sham, launched a surprise offensive that captured large parts of Aleppo, the country’s second largest city.
The opposition forces’ rapid gains are the most significant since 2016 and have thrust Syria’s various factions back into the spotlight.
According to the Syrian Network for Human Rights (SNHR), an independent organisation that has documented human rights violations in Syria since 2011, at least 104 civilians, including at least 27 children and nine women, were killed in Syria between November 27 and December 1.
The latest violence marked the first major attack against al-Assad’s forces in the region since the March 2020 Idlib ceasefire, brokered by Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Russian President Vladimir Putin.
Over the past four years, Syrian government forces and Russians have repeatedly bombed northwest regime-held areas, killing hundreds.
The map below shows the territorial control of various groups as of December 3.
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